Your plumbing is responsible for bringing clean water in and taking waste out. Its components include a supply line network, drainage pipes and vent systems. You also need fittings to connect and change directions in the pipes, as well as a valve system that controls water flow to individual fixtures like sinks and toilets. 

Supply Lines 

Most pipes in a plumbing system run behind walls and under floors, making them difficult to see. Yet, these systems are critical to keeping water running in and waste out of your home. A basic understanding of your plumbing supply lines and how they work can help you spot problems or solve minor issues. 

The main water line in your house is a copper, galvanized steel or PVC pipe that brings water in from the street through a water meter and into your home. This pipe can be a great convenience, but also poses a potential hazard when damaged. 

The main line and all faucet supply lines should be made from durable, corrosion resistant materials. PVC, CPVC and copper are popular choices for water supply pipes. These are easy to install and are durable enough for household use. When installing these supplies, be careful not to over-tighten them. This can damage the internal metal threads, causing leaks. 

Drain Pipes 

The drainage system carries wastewater and solid wastes away from fixtures like toilets, showers, and sinks. It also directs surface water and groundwater toward a drain or septic tank system. Plumbing codes dictate that your drainage pipes be made of corrugated metal or plastic (like PVC or ABS). 

Your drainage pipe system doesn't rely on pressure like supply lines do; it relies on gravity to pull waste down the drains and into the sewer line. Wastewater then travels to a sewage treatment plant or septic tank. 

If your drains are backed up or emit foul odors, it's time to call a plumber. Noisy pipes may indicate trapped air, high water pressure, a clogged drain, or loose or worn hardware. Only a licensed plumber can troubleshoot and fix the problem safely. 

Vents 

The last plumbing system component worth mentioning is venting, which is important for drain performance and preventing toxic gas buildup. As a general rule, all pipes that drain water or steam must be properly vented to the outside of the house. 

The number of plumbing vents a home needs is a complex consideration that depends on fixture count, pipe size and layout, and other factors. A plumbing professional or experts in the plumbing industry such as plumbers from sites like https://www.fixitrightplumbing.com.au/plumber-melbourne/ can help by serving as a guide, offering specialized guidance, and guaranteeing compliance with local construction codes. 

Considered the unsung heroes of your plumbing, vent pipes work quietly behind the scenes. These simple, yet crucial, pipes permit the escape of sewer gases and maintain balanced pressure within the pipes, preventing clogs and unpleasant odors. Properly functioning vents also contribute to healthy indoor air quality. The cornerstones of vent pipe maintenance include regular assessments, vigilance against obstructions, and prompt repairs. A well-functioning plumbing vent system adds effortlessly to the comfort and functionality of your one-of-a-kind home. 

Valves 

Like small gate mechanisms, valves control the flow of water into your plumbing system. They’re also useful in plumbing emergencies because they can shut off specific areas of the house, stopping the flow of water and preventing further damage. 

Every household should have at least one main water shut off valve near the water meter or in the basement. However, most appliances and fixtures will require their own individual shut off valve to allow them to be repaired without cutting off the entire water supply. 

There are several different types of valves, each with its own benefits and installation methods. Copper pipes can be connected with compression or sweat valves, while PEX and PVC pipes need valves specifically designed for them. Knowing what type of valve you need will help you buy the correct one and install it correctly. You’ll also need to know the size of your pipes to determine what kind of valve is right for you.